Roof Ponds as Passive Heating and Cooling Systems

The roof pond is a system that passively incorporates water elements to passively cool and heat the building. Experiments have been run and done by the pioneer Harold Hay.

Published June 9, 2020

Hay roof pond prototype trace it lab

Roof Ponds as Passive Heating and Cooling Systems

An introduction to how roof ponds work.

What is a roof pond ? 

The roof pond is a system that passively incorporates water elements to passively cool and heat the building. Experiments have been run and done by the pioneer Harold Hay on skytherm roofing, however, the true potentials of this system have not be utilized or been well explored by the construction industry. 

The system comprises of 4 parts which are the pond support, water container, pond cover, and a spraying system. The pond support element should possess high thermal conductivity. The pond support can be either metal or reinforced slab with the metal having higher thermal connectivity. The roof pond can be applied in three different methods. Dry (water is contained in plastic bags) such as skytherm house, wet (the plastic bags are sprayed or flooded) such as universidad pompeu fabra, and open (water is contained within the parapet). 

The pond roof can accommodate heating and cooling needs with the same components and equipment.

Orientation of the building does not effect the performance of the system. 

There is lack of knowledge and skills in the construction and application of the system 

The roof of the building must be able to carry a load of 200-400 kg/msq. 

Cooling Cycle

SUSTAINABLE TRACE IT LAB PASSIVE SYSTEM ROOF PONDsummernight

During day-time in the summer, it is vital to protect the pond from solar radiation. This can be done through covering the pond with a reflective cover, to reflect the solar radiation off. Spraying the pond or the protective cover can further enhance the functionality of the system as it will further cool down through evaporation. 

Whereas, during night time the pond cools the below spaces through long wave radiation to the atmosphere, making interior spaces cooler. 

Heating Cycle

SUSTAINABLE TRACE IT LAB PASSIVE SYSTEM ROOF PONDSUSTAINABLE TRACE IT LAB PASSIVE SYSTEM ROOF POND

The roof pond being exposed during the day absorbs heat through solar radiation and transfers it into the interior of the house, thus, passively warming it up. During night time, a protection cover can be placed over the pond to prevent heat loss. 

References : 

Roof Cooling Techniques: A Design Handbook

Cover image : http://danieloverbey.blogspot.com/2012/07/invention-of-roofpond-system.html

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